Objectives Muck truck spillage and wind erosion dust emission are prominent problems of flying dust pollution on road. To provide technical basis for promoting the use of closed cover, the spillage amount and dust emission rate were tested.
Methods The spillage amount and dust emission rate were tested by a self-made spillage testing system on a truck loaded with the same quantity of cement and running in the same condition before and after a sealed cover being equipped.
Results The muck spillage were 4.0 kg/vehicle and 0.2 kg/vehicle respectively for the overloaded truck before and after equipped with sealed tilt side panels cover in transporting construction muck, and the efficiency of controlling spillage was 95%. If muck trucks in Beijing were installed with closed covers, the amount of muck spillage could be reduced from 26, 700 tons/year to 1, 300 tons/year. After the bagged cement was unloaded, the dust emission rate of the unclosed truck in its way back was 35% of 1 or 2kg residues in the truck in a speed of 50 km/h.
Conclusions Soft mechanical fully enclosed devices should be added compulsorily on muck trucks, and the distance between the top of the carriage and the cover should be ≤5cm. The amount of muck spillage should be ≤0.25 kg/vehicle for covered muck truck loaded with dry construction muck in running condition.
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