Objectives To investigate the current status of endemic fluorosis in Jiangsu Province, and to provide scientific evidence for making strategies for prevention and control of the disease.
Methods Pei county, Donghai county and Sihong county were monitored in 2010.All water supply facilities in the three counties were investigated.The facilities in the nine villages were selected by random and the content of fluoride in drinking water was determined.Dental fluorosis of children aged 8 ~ 12 was examined.Skeletal fluorosis of adults was diagnosed by radiography.
Results The water supply facilities in 269 of 420 villages have been improved and the rate of qualified water was 82.68%.The content of fluoride was qualified in 189 water-improving projects, which had been normal in use and running regularly, and the rate was 70.26%.A total of 564 children aged 8 ~ 12 in the nine villages were examined, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 28.37% (160/564), the detectable rate of defective dental fluorosis was 5.50% and the dental fluorosis index was 0.55.There was a statistical difference in the detection rates of dental fluorosis among villages with water-improving projects and qualified water, the villages with water-improving projects and unqualified water and the villages without water-improving projects (P < 0.05).A total of 486 adults were examined by radiography.The detection rate of skeletal fluorosis by radiography in adults was 3128% (152/486).No statistical difference was observed on the detection rates of skeletal fluorosis by radiography among the villages with water-improving projects and qualified water, the villages with water-improving projects and unqualified water and the villages without water-improving projects (P > 0.05).There was a positive correlation between the detection rate of skeletal fluorosis by radiography and age (P < 0.05).
Conclusions The rate of using water-improving projects normally was not high.The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children was reduced after water-improving projects being conducted.The detection rate of skeletal fluorosis by radiography in adults was not obviously decreased due to the time was too short to have a change.The situation of endemic fluorosis control in Jiangsu Province is still severe.Prevention efforts need to be further strengthened.
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