Objective To explore the association of compound hot extreme with adult blood pressure and its potential physiological and behavioral driving factors.
Methods A panel study design was used, and 35 healthy adults in Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China were followed up from May to September 2020. Participants were required to carry portable temperature and humidity data recorders during the study period, which were used to collect their real exposure of temperature and humidity of living environment in the past seven days. They were also required to measure blood pressure once a month using an electronic blood pressure monitor. Questionnaires were used to collected their socio-demographic information and behavioral factors. A randomized effects model with cross-basis function of distribution lag non-linear model was used to explore the association of compound hot extreme with adult blood pressure and its potential driving factors.
Results Compared to the normal day, compound hot extreme significantly increased systolic and diastolic pressure by 8.35 (95% confidence interval CI: 2.54-14.15) and 6.55 (95% CI: 1.49-11.60) mmHg, respectively. However, independent hot day and independent hot night were not significantly associated with blood pressure. With regard to the physiological drivers, exposure to compound hot extreme was associated with 28.29 (95% CI: 1.52-55.07) pg/mL increase in Ang Ⅱ and 1.24 (95% CI: 0.25-2.46) mg/L increase in hs-CRP. With regard to the behavioral drivers, the consumption of beer increased by 200.69 (95% CI: 79.16-322.22) mL when exposed to compound hot extreme.
Conclusion Exposure to compound hot extreme was related to significant increases in systolic and diastolic pressure. The increases in Ang Ⅱ and hs-CRP may be physiological drivers of these associations, while the elevated beer consumption may be a behavioral driver.
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