Analysis of health risk factors in barbershops and beauty salons in Luohu district of Shenzhen, China, 2016—2021

Objective To investigate the sanitary condition of barbershops and beauty salons and their possible health risk factors in Luohu district of Shenzhen, China.

Methods According to the Examination Method for Public Places (GB/T 18204-2013), the samples of air and public articles were collected from 226 barbershops and beauty salons and were then examined and analyzed, and each index was evaluated according to the Hygienic Indicators and Limits for Public Places (GB 37488-2019) and the Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB 3095-2012).

Results The overall qualified rate of barbershops and beauty salons in Luohu district of Shenzhen was 75.86%. Air quality monitoring showed that the median concentration values of formaldehyde, ammonia, indoor PM_2.5, indoor PM₁₀, outdoor PM_2.5, and outdoor PM₁₀ were 0.043mg/m³、0.065mg/m³、44.83μg/m³、68.00μg/m³、49.00μg/m³ and 55.50μg/m³, respectively. The concentration of outdoor PM₁₀ was lower than that of indoor PM₁₀ (Z=-2.77, P < 0.01), and there was a significant positive correlation between indoor/outdoor PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 (r_s were 0.689 and 0.664, respectively, P < 0.01). The qualified rate of formaldehyde in summer was lower than that in winter (P < 0.05). As for the monitoring of public articles, towel pH, coliform group on beauty basin, and total bacterial count on beauty basin had relatively low qualified rates of 79.77%, 85.40%, and 87.23%, respectively. The detection rate of hand fungi was 6.70%, with a range of 0-70 CFU/cm².

Conclusion There is still certain room for improvement in the sanitary condition of barbershops and beauty salons in Luohu district, and the sanitary quality of public articles should be taken seriously, which requires targeted health education.