Hygienic monitoring results of accommodations in Hainan Province of China, 2016—2019

Objective To understand the basic sanitary conditions of accommodation places in Hainan Province of China in recent years and analyze the related health hazard factors, in order to provide a scientific basis for strengthening health management and the prevention and control of infectious diseases in accommodations.

Methods According to the monitoring project for health hazard factors in public places of Hainan Province in 2016-2019, public articles and indoor air samples collected twice a year in summer and winter were tested in 182 accommodations, which were selected in Haikou, Sanya, Danzhou and Qionghai, and physical factors were monitored on site according to the Examination Method for Public Places (GB/T 18204), and a statistical analysis was performed for the test result.

Results A total of 182 hotels including at or above the three-star level, below the three-star level, and express hotels were monitored from 2016 to 2019. A total of 7 702 samples were tested, with an overall qualified rate of 80.9%.The qualified rates of samples of public articles, indoor air, and physical factors were 95.4%, 83.4%, and 5.2%, respectively, suggesting that the qualified rate of physical factors was significantly lower than those of public articles and indoor air samples. There were significant differences in qualified rates among the three types of samples (χ²=4 796.98, P < 0.05). For the public articles in accommodations, the qualified rate of Staphylococcus aureus reached 100%, the overall qualified rate of the total number of bacterial colonies was 95.4%, and the overall qualified rate of pH was 50.6%. Formaldehyde and the total number of bacteria colonies were the main unqualified indicators for indoor air, and the lowest qualified rate of formaldehyde in summer was lower than that in winter (88.6% vs 95.6%). Physical factors had relatively low qualified rates, and the qualified rates of noise, relative humidity, and indoor temperature were 51.8%, 39.3%, and 13.6%, respectively.

Conclusion The qualified rates of physical factors in accommodations were relatively low in 2016-2019, which was the main reason for the relatively low overall qualified rate in the three types of places. Formaldehyde and the total number of bacteria colonies were the main unqualified factors for indoor air quality, and there was a relatively low qualified rate of pH value for public articles. The sanitary conditions of accommodations in Hainan Province needs to be improved, and it is still necessary to further strengthen sanitation supervision.