Investigation of Garbage and Sewage Treatments in Guiyang Rural Areas in 2017—2018

Objectives To master the level and dynamic changes of rural environmental health risk factors in Guiyang, and objectively evaluate the environmental health status of rural areas in Guiyang.

Methods Three monitoring counties were selected, and 60 administrative villages and 300 households were stratified randomly selected as monitoring households to carry out on-site investigation of environmental health. Data were collected through data access, interviews, on-site observation.

Results The total population of the three monitoring counties accounted for 21.5% of the total population of Guiyang, compared with 2017, the proportion of randomly piled household garbage decreased by 3.3%, and the treatment methods was mainly landfill, which was decreased by 15%. In 2018, random discharge of domestic sewage from monitored villages accounted for 50%, and the discharge sites were mainly farmland and pits, which accounted for 35% and 28.3%, respectively. The random discharge of productive industrial sewage and aquacultural sewage accounted for 50% and 87.1%, respectively. Fifteen percent of monitoring villages had no fund input on environmental health. In 2018, the proportions of monitoring villages that eliminate flies, mosquitoes, and cockroaches were all less than 30%.

Conclusions The status of rural domestic garbage and sewage treatments in Guiyang have generally improved, but there is still a gap between rural environmental health in Guiyang and those in developed areas. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the establishment of rural environmental infrastructures and take effective measures to improve them.