包头市九原工业区大气可吸入颗粒物中多环芳烃的污染研究

芦静; 贾玉巧; 高艳荣; 纪越; 赵永东

包头市九原工业区大气可吸入颗粒物中多环芳烃的污染研究

Pollution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Inhalable Particulate Matter in Baotou Jiuyuan Industrial Zone

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨包头市九原工业区大气可吸入颗粒物(PM₁₀)中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染特征, 为该地区多环芳烃污染治理提供依据。
方法分别于采暖期、非采暖期和风沙期采集包头市九原工业区的PM₁₀样品, 采用色质联用(GC-MS)分析法对样品中的16种PAHs进行定性和定量测定, 利用特征比值法探讨其来源, 并用毒性等效浓度法对其健康风险进行评估。
结果采暖期大气PM₁₀中优先控制的16种PAHs总含量高于非采暖期和风沙期, 差异有统计学意义; PAHs以中高环为主, 且采暖期中高环PAHs的总含量高于非采暖期和风沙期; PM₁₀中PAHs主要来源于燃煤排放; 三个时期PAHs毒性等效浓度均超标。
结论本次调查的包头市九原工业区采暖期大气PM₁₀中PAHs污染较为严重, PAHs以中高环为主, 主要来源于燃煤排放。

Abstract:
Objectives To investigate the characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in inhalable particulate matter (PM₁₀) in Jiuyuan industrial area of Baotou city and to provide advices for environmental pollution control.
Methods PM₁₀ samples were collected in periods during heating, non-heating and sandstorm in Baotou City Jiuyuan industrial zone.Sixteen kinds of PAHs were qualitatively and quantitatively determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the characteristic ratio was used to explore the source of PAHs, and the toxic equivalent concentration method was used for health risk assessment.
Results Sixteen kinds of PAHs in atmospheric PM₁₀, which must be controlled preferentially in heating period, was higher than that in non-heating period and wind blowing period, the difference has statistical significance.Most of PAHs in PM₁₀ were moderate or higher polycyclic.PAHs in PM₁₀ were mainly from coal combustion; the toxic equivalent concentrations of PAHs in these three periods exceeded the standard limits.
Conclusions The pollution of PAHs in atmospheric PM₁₀ in heating period in Baotou city Jiuyuan industrial zone was serious, the PAHs with higher polycyclic were mainly from coal combustion.

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