Abstract: Persistent Toxic Substances(PTS) are kinds of pollutants persistent and bio-accumulated in the environment, with characteristics of teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic toxicity and endocrine disruption.This review described the current status of persistent toxic substances in Huaihe River Basin.The kinds and levels of pollutants in different water-bodies were introduced.Most of studies on the PTS in water-body (sediment, surface water and groundwater) in Huaihe River Basin have focused on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and heavy metals.PTS constitute a potential health threat to the study area.Finally, the perspectives for further research were proposed.