2009-2011年南京市化学工业园区周边儿童血铅水平状况调查

张婧婧; 周连; 陈晓东; 丁震

2009-2011年南京市化学工业园区周边儿童血铅水平状况调查

Blood Lead Level of Children Living in Periphery of Chemical Industry Region in Nanjing in 2009-2011

摘要

摘要:
目的监测南京市化学工业园区周边7~12岁儿童血铅水平及铅中毒状况。
方法每年选择化学工业园区周边儿童分层整群随机抽样, 采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定血铅值, 并进行质量控制。
结果 2009-2011年, 儿童血铅中位数分别为27.38 μg/L, 25.02 μg/L和22.46 μg/L, 血铅水平逐年降低(P=0.001);铅中毒率从2.74%降至1.00%(P=0.069)。男童血铅中位数(26.12 μg/L)＞女童(23.13 μg/L), 血铅水平差异有统计学意义(P=0);男童血铅中毒率(9.77%)＞女童(6.96%), P=0.057。各年龄组儿童血铅水平以及铅中毒率差异均无无统计学意义(P=0.392, P=0.991)。
结论 3年监测结果显示, 南京市化学工业园区儿童血铅水平和铅中毒率呈下降趋势, 儿童处于低暴露铅环境中。

Abstract:
Objectives To monitor the blood lead level and lead poisoning in 7~12 year-old children living in the periphery of a chemical industry region in Nanjing.
Methods Blood samples were collected by randomized cluster sampling method once a year in 2009-2011.Blood lead level was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the quality of detection was controlled.
Results The median level of blood lead decreased from 2009 to 2011 (P=0.001), which was 27.38 μg/L, 25.02 μg/L and 22.46 μg/L in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. The prevalence rate of lead poisoning decreased from 2.74% to 1.00% (P=0.069). The median level of blood lead was higher in boys (26.12 μg/L) than in girls (23.13 μg/L), the prevalence rate of lead poisoning in boys (9.77%) was higher than that in girls (6.96%;P=0.057).No significant difference was observed on blood lead level and lead poisoning rate (P=0.392, P=0.991) among each age group.
Conclusions The surveillance showed a decreasing trend of blood lead level and lead poisoning rate of children living in the periphery of a chemical industry region in Nanjing, but the children were still in an environment at low lead exposure.

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