包头市东河区春季大气可吸入颗粒物和细颗粒物源解析初探
Source Apportion of Atmospheric PM10 and PM2.5 in Donghe District of Baotou
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摘要:目的 研究包头市东河区大气中可吸入颗粒物(PM10)和细颗粒物(PM2.5)的来源,为防治大气污染和保护人群身体健康提供科学依据。方法 利用2006年4月27日-6月5日包头市东河区大气PM10和PM2.5中化学成分检测数据,采用因子分析法和富集因子法对颗粒物来源进行分析。结果 包头市东河区大气PM10来源于建筑水泥尘/土壤风沙尘/机动车尾气、土壤风沙尘、工业粉尘,对PM10的方差贡献率分别为29.44%、27.17%、20.36%。包头市东河区大气PM2.5来源于建筑水泥尘/土壤风沙尘,工业粉尘/燃煤尘,对PM2.5的方差贡献率分别为54.03%和29.98%。无论是沙尘天气还是非沙尘天气,PM2.5中As、Zn、Pb、Cd等重金属元素的富集因子均高于PM10。结论 包头市东河区大气PM10和PM2.5来源于自然源以及工业、燃煤尘的复合污染。Abstract:Objectives To study the source apportion of atmospheric PM10 and PM2.5 in Donghe district in Baotou.Methods Atmospheric particle samples for PM10 and PM2.5 were collected in Donghe district in Baotao from April 27th to June 5th in 2006. Chemical elements in aerosol samples were detected and the data were calculated by factor analysis and enrichment factors.Results The source apportion results for PM10 derived from factor analysis model were construction dust/soil dust/vehicle emissions (29.44%), soil dust (27.17%) and industry dust (20.36%); for PM2.5 were construction dust/soil dust (54.03%) and industry dust/coal combustion (29.98%) in Donghe district in Baotou. Enrichment factors for heavy metals (such as As、Zn、Pb、Cd) in PM2.5 were higher than those in PM10 in sand-dusty weather or non-sand-dusty weather.Conclusions The pollution of PM10and PM2.5 in Donghe district in Baotou are mainly from natural sources and combined sources from industrial dusts and coal combustion.
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