南昌市建设项目集中空调通风系统预防性卫生学评价分析

熊文艳; 赖肖; 陈海婴; 冯小武; 孙向荣; 章英

南昌市建设项目集中空调通风系统预防性卫生学评价分析

Preventive Health Assessment on the Centralized Air Conditioning System of Construction Projects in Nanchang

摘要

摘要:
目的对江西省南昌市20家建设项目集中空调通风系统预防性卫生学评价结果进行统计分析，发现不符合规范设计的项目，为相关部门制定卫生管理措施提供科学依据。
方法采用检查表法，收集20家建设项目可行性研究报告、设计方案，综合分析建设项目集中空调通风系统可能存在的健康危害因素。
结果 20家建设项目集中空调通风系统中，25%的建设项目送风口和回风口设置了防鼠装置，15%的建设项目设置了应急关闭回风和新风的装置，5%的建设项目有供风管系统清洗、消毒用的可开闭窗口，40%的建设项目新风口设置空气过滤装置及空气净化消毒装置; 餐厅、宴会厅新风量设计合格率为85.71%，文化娱乐场所新风量设计合格率为75.00%，酒店客房新风量设计合格率为87.50%，商场、超市新风量设计合格率为90.00%，办公室、会议室新风量设计合格率为81.82%。
结论南昌市建设项目集中空调通风系统的设计未严格遵守相关卫生规范，存在传播呼吸道传染病的风险，相关部门应加强卫生监督及管理。

Abstract:
Objectives To find out the items that were not compliant with designs through analyzing the preventive health assessment of centralized air conditioning systems in 20 construction projects in Nanchang city. The investigation will provide scientific basis for relevant departments to formulate health management measures.
Methods Collecting the feasibility reports and designs of 20 construction projects by checklists to analyze comprehensively the health hazards which may exist in the centralized air conditioning systems.
Results In the centralized air conditioning systems of 20 construction projects, 25% of them have rat prevention devices in the air outlets and return air inlets, 15% of them set up an emergency shutdown to close the return air and fresh air, 5% of them have the windows for cleaning and disinfection, 40% of them set up the equipment for air filter and air purification and disinfection.
Conclusions The designs of centralized air conditioning systems in construction projects in Nanchang did not strictly comply with the relevant health standards. There may have risks of spreading respiratory diseases. Health supervision and management should be strengthened by relevant departments.

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