2009—2011年南昌市农村生活饮用水卫生状况分析

谢许情; 吴金星; 章英

2009—2011年南昌市农村生活饮用水卫生状况分析

Sanitary Situation Analysis for Rural Drinking Water Quality in Nanchang Countryside from 2009 to 2011

摘要

摘要:
目的了解2009—2011年江西省南昌市农村生活饮用水水质状况。
方法于2009—2011年分别对南昌市涉农县区采用分层随机抽样的方法，每个县区选取10个点作为监测点于枯水期(1—5月)和丰水期(6—10月)进行水样采集、水样检测和检测结果统计分析。
结果三年共采集水样479份，合格水样218件，合格率45.51%;2009—2011年分散式供水水质监测合格率分别为10.34%、38.78%、59.80%，差别具有统计学意义(χ²=48.96，P＜0.01);集中式供水和分散式供水合格率分别为67.83%和37.80%，差别具有统计学意义(χ²=36.35，P＜0.01);枯水期和丰水期水质合格率分别为42.80%、49.58%，差别无统计学意义(χ²=2.21，P=0.137);18个水质检测指标中除pH值、菌落总数、总大肠菌群合格率在90%以下，其他指标合格率均超过90%。
结论南昌市农村饮用水的合格率较低，影响农村饮用水水质的主要原因是pH值偏酸性和微生物污染，农村饮用水卫生状况亟待提高。

Abstract:
Objectives To know the quality of rural drinking water in Nanchang in 2009-2011.
Methods Ten points from the agricultural countryside of Nanchang were selected by the method of stratified random sampling as the monitoring sites in each county.Water samples collected in dry season(January-May)and rain season (June-October)in 2009 to 2011 were examined and the data were statistically analyzed.
Results A total of 479 samples in three years were collected and 218 of them were qualified, accounting for 45.51%.The qualified rates of decentralized drinking water from 2009 to 2011 was 10.34%, 38.78% and 59.80% respectively(χ²=48.96, P < 0.01).The qualified rates of drinking water for centralized and decentralized water supply were 67.83% and 37.80% respectively(χ²=36.35, P < 0.01);the qualified rates of drinking water in dry and wet season were 42.80% and 49.58% respectively(χ²=2.21, P=0.137).Except the qualified rates for pH value, total bacteria and total coliform were less than 90%, the others were higher than 90%.
Conclusions The qualified rate of rural drinking water in Nanchang was low.The main reasons influencing the quality of drinking water in rural Nanchang were low pH value and microbial contamination.The quality of rural drinking water in Nanchang needed to be improved.

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