南昌市某县城区中学生常见病现况调查分析

熊文艳; 孙向荣; 谢许情; 赖肖; 陈应平; 钟淙; 章英

南昌市某县城区中学生常见病现况调查分析

Investigation on Prevalence of Common Diseases among Middle School Students in a County Town of Nanchang

摘要

摘要:
目的了解南昌市某县城区中学生常见病患病情况, 并提出有针对性的干预对策。
方法采用整群随机抽样方法, 对南昌市某县城区两所学校的全部学生进行健康体检。
结果龋齿、视力低下、较低体重、肥胖、营养不良、超重和沙眼的检出率分别为:9.78%、74.40%、47.94%、9.37%、6.89%、4.71%和23.41%。男生的龋齿、视力低下、较低体重、肥胖、营养不良检出率高于女生(P < 0.05)。不同年级学生的龋齿、视力低下、较低体重、肥胖、营养不良、沙眼检出率之间有统计学差异(P < 0.05), 初一年级的学生龋齿、较低体重、营养不良检出率最高; 初三年级学生肥胖检出率最高; 高二年级的学生视力低下、超重检出率最高; 高三年级学生沙眼检出率最高。
结论南昌市某县城区中学生常见病检出率较高, 学校、社会、家庭均应引起重视, 要对学生加强宣传教育, 增强体育锻炼, 让学生从小养成良好的生活习惯。

Abstract:
Objectives To understand the prevalence of common diseases among middle school students in a county of Nanchang and to propose targeted countermeasures.
Methods A health examination was conducted for all students in two middle schools selected by random sampling in a county town of Nanchang.
Results The detection rates of dental caries, poor vision, low body weight, obesity, malnutrition, overweight and trachoma were 9.78%, 74.40%, 47.94%, 9.37%, 6.89%, 4.71% and 23.41%, respectively.The detection rates of dental caries, poor vision, low body weight, obesity and malnutrition in boys were higher than those in girls (P < 0.05).The detection rates of dental caries, poor vision, lower body weight, obesity, malnutrition and trachoma were varies in students in different grades (P < 0.05).
Conclusions The prevalence of common diseases in middle school students in a county town of Nanchang was higher than other areas.More attention should be paid to the health of students by school, family and society in this area.Good habits should be developed from childhood by strengthening education and enhancing physical exercises.

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