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    张云, 金银龙, 崔国权, 杨超, 兰莉, 李成橙, 徐东群. 2009－2011年哈尔滨市寒潮天气对呼吸系统疾病的影响[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2014, 4(2): 125-127, 131.
    引用本文: 张云, 金银龙, 崔国权, 杨超, 兰莉, 李成橙, 徐东群. 2009－2011年哈尔滨市寒潮天气对呼吸系统疾病的影响[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2014, 4(2): 125-127, 131.
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    Zhang Yun, Jin Yinlong, Cui Guoquan, Yang Chao, Lan Li, Li Chengcheng, Xu Dongqun. Impact of Cold Wave on Respiratory Diseases in Harbin in 2009－2011[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2014, 4(2): 125-127, 131.
    Citation: Zhang Yun, Jin Yinlong, Cui Guoquan, Yang Chao, Lan Li, Li Chengcheng, Xu Dongqun. Impact of Cold Wave on Respiratory Diseases in Harbin in 2009－2011[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2014, 4(2): 125-127, 131.
    shu

    2009－2011年哈尔滨市寒潮天气对呼吸系统疾病的影响

    Impact of Cold Wave on Respiratory Diseases in Harbin in 2009－2011

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 寒潮对人群健康的影响已经引起社会各界的重视。但是目前我国鲜有寒潮与居民发病关系的研究。本文收集哈尔滨市2009－2011年某三甲医院门诊资料和同期逐日气象资料, 研究哈尔滨市寒潮天气对居民呼吸系统疾病的影响, 为进一步预防控制寒潮相关的健康危害提供科学依据。
      方法 本文选择日均温度分布的第五位百分位数作为寒潮的定义标准, 所有低于这一标准的时间段都定义为寒潮。利用寒潮时间段与临近的对照时间段医院门诊呼吸系统病例数对比的方法研究寒潮对呼吸系统疾病的影响。
      结果 寒潮天气可以造成呼吸系统疾病(RR:1.19, 95%CI:1.12~1.27) 发病风险增加, 其中男性为1.20(95%CI:1.10~1.31), 女性为1.18(95%CI:1.08~1.30)。不同年龄组人群对寒潮敏感程度亦有差异, 其中婴幼儿(RR:1.16, 95%CI:1.06~1.27) 以及老年人(RR:1.51, 95%CI:1.29~1.77) 较为敏感。
      结论 结果显示寒潮发生时, 哈尔滨市居民的入院就诊人数显著增加, 造成呼吸系统疾病发病风险明显升高。寒潮对呼吸系统疾病不同性别和不同年龄组人群影响有差异, 0~5岁以及65岁以上的人群对寒潮较敏感。应该建立早期预警系统并且提出针对脆弱人群的预防措施, 降低寒潮对人群健康的影响程度。

       

      Abstract:
      Objectives The impact of cold wave on human health has attracted attentions in recent years, but few studies on the relationship between cold wave and the incidence of respiratory diseases have been conducted at present in China. The data of outpatient clinics in one of first-class hospitals in Harbin in 2009-2011 and the daily meteorological data in the same period were collected to study the impact of cold wave on respiratory diseases, in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of cold wave-related health hazards.
      Methods The cold wave was defined as the temperature lower than the fifth quintile of average temperature. The total number of outpatients visiting for respiratory diseases during cold wave period were compared with the data during control period to investigate the impact of cold wave on respiratory diseases.
      Results Cold wave resulted in an increase in the risk of respiratory diseases (RR:1.19, 95% CI:1.12~1.27); the risk ratio was 1.20 for male, and 1.18 for female. There was a statistically significant impact of cold wave on infants (RR:1.16, 95% CI:1.06~1.27) and the elderly (RR:1.51, 95% CI:1.29~1.77).
      Conclusions The number of hospital admissions and the risk of respiratory diseases increased during the time of cold wave occured. There was a significant statistically difference on the sensitivity to cold wave in different age groups, the people aged 0~5 and above 65 year-old were more sensitive to cold wave. Early warning and preventive measures might help to reduce the effects of cold wave.

       

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