刘成, 曾德才, 高育明, 陈夏. 二次供水突发水污染事件案例分析[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2014, 4(5): 461-463, 467.
    引用本文: 刘成, 曾德才, 高育明, 陈夏. 二次供水突发水污染事件案例分析[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2014, 4(5): 461-463, 467.
    Liu Cheng, Zeng Decai, Gao Yuming, Chen Xia. Case Study on Accidents Pollution of Secondary Water Supplies[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2014, 4(5): 461-463, 467.
    Citation: Liu Cheng, Zeng Decai, Gao Yuming, Chen Xia. Case Study on Accidents Pollution of Secondary Water Supplies[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2014, 4(5): 461-463, 467.

    二次供水突发水污染事件案例分析

    Case Study on Accidents Pollution of Secondary Water Supplies

    • 摘要:
      目的 了解二次供水突发水污染事件发生的原因和特点。
      方法 收集28例二次供水污染事故案例, 回顾分析其原因、调查处置及防范措施。
      结果 二次供水污染以生物性污染为主, 占85.7%;以低位蓄水池污水逆流、蓄水池破损渗漏、管网破损渗漏、污染物直接污染为主, 发生率分别为35.7%、17.9%、10.7%、14.3%, 调查处置时可从这些方面首先考虑; 健康危害以消化道症状为主, 占60.7%。
      结论 调查时应选择合适的指标, 提高调查效率; 对于二次供水突发水污染事件的处置应考虑全面, 从源头消除风险隐患, 保护暴露人群。二次供水设施管理单位应加强预防性审核及日常监管, 避免二次供水突发水污染事件的发生, 条件允许时建议取消二次供水设施或使用无负压供水设备、减少供水环节。

       

      Abstract:
      Objectives To understand the reasons and features of accidents for the pollution of secondary water supplies.
      Methods Twenty eight pollution cases for secondary water supply were collected, and their reasons, management and prevention measures were analyzed retrospectively.
      Results The main form of pollution for secondary water supply was biological pollution, accounted for 85.7%, such as the countercurrent flow of sewage to the reservoir located in lower position, the breakage and leakage of reservoir and pipelines, and the water polluted directly by contaminants; the incidences were 35.7%, 17.9%, 10.7% and 14.3% respectively.The investigation and management should be started from these items firstly.The main manifestation of health hazard was in digestive system, accounted for 60.7% of all symptoms.
      Conclusions Appropriate indexes should be selected to increase the efficiency of investigation.The management should be considered comprehensively, including eliminating risks from the source and to protect the exposed population.Preventive examination and daily supervision should be strengthened to avoid the occurrence of secondary water supply accidents.When condition was permitted, using a kind of non-negative pressure water supply system to replace the secondary water supply system was suggested to shorten the water supply chain.

       

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