芦山地震灾区小学生心理干预前后比较研究

张晓茹; 石静; 彭怀晴; 樊陈均; 王可晖; 张瑞娟

芦山地震灾区小学生心理干预前后比较研究

Mental Health of Pupils before and after Psychological Intervention in Lushan Earthquake-stricken Area

摘要

摘要:
目的调查芦山地震灾区小学生心理干预前后心理健康水平。
方法以灾区500名小学生作为调查对象, 采用症状自量表SCL-90、SAS焦虑量表、SDS抑郁量表进行心理干预前后测评。
结果对照组SCL-90总分及各因子、SDS、SAS得分均明显高于对照组(P < 0.05), 不同年龄组间差异显著, 6~8岁干预前后SCL-90的总分分别是(175.27±33.77、150.26±30.30)、8~10岁(171.34±34.34、148.93±24.23)、10~12岁(166.82±36.02、147.35±24.08)。干预后强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、SDS总分得到显著改善。
结论心理干预在缓解灾区学生心理状况方面有明显效果, 及时的心理干预对突发性地震灾难产生的心理问题效果较好。

Abstract:
Objectives To investigate the mental health of pupils before and after psychological intervention in Lushan earthquake-stricken areas.
Methods Symptom check list (SCL-90), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to assess the mental health of 500 primary school students before and after psychological intervention in the disaster area.
Results The total score of SCL-90 and its factor scores, and the total score of SDS and SAS were significantly higher in the disaster group than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and a significant difference among different age groups. The total scores of SCL-90 before and after intervention in 6~8 year-old students were 175.27±33.77 and 150.26±30.30, in 8~10 year-old students were 171.34±34.34 and 148.93±24.23, and in 10~12 year-old students were 166.82±36.02 and 147.35±24.08, respectively. Obsessive compulsive, depression, anxiety and SDS total score were significantly improved after intervention.
Conclusions Psychological intervention in alleviating the stress of students in disaster areas was obvious; the effectiveness of timely psychological intervention was better in releasing mental health problems in emergent earthquake disaster.

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