Abstract: Climate change is increasingly affecting human health and socio-economic systems, making systematic health adaptation actions imperative. In 2024, 13 authorities including the National Disease Control and Prevention Administration released the China National Climate Change Health Adaptation Action Plan (2024—2030), which, for the first time, establishes a national full-chain health adaptation action framework covering planning, monitoring, early warning, assessment, and intervention. Using document review and content analysis, this study systematically examined policy response status across China following the release of the Action Plan and analyzed key features of local policy texts. The results showed that the Action Plan had played a strong guiding role in shaping local actions in terms of overall framework, task design, and coordination mechanisms, and that multiple provinces and municipalities had issued dedicated health adaptation action implementation plans. Comparative analysis of representative regions indicated regional differentiation in priorities and implementation pathways, including southwestern regions emphasizing control of vector-borne and zoonotic diseases, provinces and municipalities focusing on integrated monitoring and refined management, and city-level plans highlighting infrastructure protection and emergency response capacity building. While adhering to the national overall framework, local governments have gradually formed health adaptation models aligned with regional climate risks and governance capacities, providing practical experiences for promoting context-specific climate change health adaptation actions. Future efforts should be made to further develop a unified paradigm for climate-sensitive disease monitoring and early warning, strengthen technical systems for health risk assessment, and improve mechanisms for evaluating and feeding back on action effectiveness, in order to ensure the effective implementation of health adaptation actions.