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    2015—2020年北京市丰台区大气PM2.5中7种PAHs的人群致癌风险评估

    Assessment of the carcinogenic risk of seven PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Fengtai District, Beijing, China, 2015—2020

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 对2015—2020年北京市丰台区大气细颗粒物(fine particulate matter, PM2.5)中多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs)的致癌风险进行评估。
      方法 收集整理2015—2020年北京市丰台区大气PM2.5中7种致癌性PAHs数据。利用毒性等效因子(toxic equivalency factors, TEFs)值计算获得7种致癌性PAHs的以苯并a芘(benzoapyrene, BaP)为指示污染物的致癌等效浓度(BaP equivalent quanity, BaPeq), 并以此来评估暴露人群的超额致癌风险和预期寿命损失。
      结果 2015—2020年北京市丰台区大气PM2.5中7种致癌性PAHs(Σ7PAHs)质量浓度中位数为4.47 ng/m3; 大气PM2.5中7种PAHs的∑BaPeq为1.232 ng/m3, 因大气PM2.5中7种PAHs暴露而引起的超额致癌风险为9.0×10-7, 预期寿命损失为5.62 min。重污染天气状况下, 人群因大气PM2.5中7种PAHs暴露而引起的超额致癌风险和预期寿命损失均显著高于非重污染天气。
      结论 2015—2020年北京市丰台区大气PM2.5中PAHs的人群超额致癌风险在可接受风险范围内, 不同污染天气状况下因大气PM2.5中PAHs暴露而引起的超额致癌风险和预期寿命损失存在显著差异。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To assess the carcinogenic risk of fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Fengtai District, Beijing, China from 2015 to 2020.
      Methods The concentration data of seven PM2.5-bound PAHs were collected in Fengtai District from 2015 to 2020, and toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) were used to calculate the equivalent quantity of seven carcinogenic PAHs based on the indicator pollutant benzoapyrene (BaPeq). The results were used to estimate the excessive cancer risk (ECR) and lost of life expectancy (LL) of the exposed population.
      Results Analysis of atmospheric PM2.5 samples collected from Fengtai District from 2015 to 2020 revealed that the median of seven carcinogenic PM2.5-bound PAHs (Σ7PAHs) was 4.47 ng/m3. The ΣBaPeq of seven PM2.5-bound PAHs was 1.232 ng/m3, and the ECR caused by exposure to PM2.5-bound PAHs was 9.0×10-7, with an LL of 5.62 minutes. The ECR and LL caused by exposure to seven PM2.5-bound PAHs were both significantly greater in heavily polluted weather conditions than in non-heavily polluted weather conditions.
      Conclusion The ECR caused by exposure to PM2.5-bound PAHs was within acceptable limits in Fengtai District, Beijing, from 2015 to 2020. Significant differences in ECR and LL due to exposure to PM2.5-bound PAHs exist between different pollution conditions.

       

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