Abstract: Microplastics, as a new type of environmental pollutant, are widely distributed in the environment and enter the human body through various pathways, posing a threat to human health. Detecting microplastics in human tissues is a crucial method for assessing body exposure, and has substantial implications for evaluating their impatct on health. This study reviews the progress of Chinese and international research on microplastic exposure levels in different human tissues, pre-treatment method and detection technologies for human biological samples. The aim is to determine the internal exposure level of microplastics in the human body, identify gaps in current research in humans, and provide a reference for assessing the health effects of microplastics.