Abstract:
Objective To analyze the occupational health status and influencing factors of coal dust-exposed workers in Lanzhou, China from 2016 to 2020, and to provide a basis for formulating prevention and treatment strategies for occupational diseases in coal dust-exposed workers in Lanzhou.
Methods The occupational health examination data of coal dust-exposed workers in Lanzhou from 2016 to 2020 were collected and analyzed for the health status of coal dust-exposed workers with different ages, sexes, lengths of service, and enterprise information. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of coal dust exposure on blood pressure, electrocardiogram, pulmonary function, and chest radiograph of coal dust-exposed workers.
Results From 2016 to 2020, occupational health surveillance data of 8 967 coal dust-exposed workers in Lanzhou was analyzed. The detection rates of abnormalities in blood pressure, electrocardiogram, pulmonary function, and chest radiograph were 19.2%, 11.1%, 1.4%, and 8.6%, respectively. The detection rate of pneumoconiosis-like changes was 0.29%. There were significant differences in the rates of abnormal blood pressure and electrocardiogram among groups of different ages, lengths of service, enterprise sizes, and occupational hazardous factor exposure (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the rates of pulmonary dysfunction and abnormal chest radiograph among coal dust-exposed workers of different lengths of service and industry types (P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with men, women had a lower risk of hypertension (odds ratio OR=0.51, 95% confidence interval CI=0.42-0.63) and an increased risk of developing pulmonary dysfunction (OR=2.05, 95%CI: 1.33-3.16); compared with coal dust-exposed workers with young age (≤30 years old) and short length of service (≤10 a) and those from large-scale enterprises, workers with older age and longer length of service and those from medium, small and microscopic enterprises had a higher risk of developing hypertension, abnormal electrocardiograms, and abnormal chest radiograph; compared with coal dust-exposed workers in the mining industry, workers in manufacturing and other industries had a higher risk of developing abnormal electrocardiograms, pulmonary function, and chest radiograph.
Conclusion The health status of coal dust-exposed workers in Lanzhou from 2016 to 2020 is not optimistic, with the highest detection rate of hypertension, followed by abnormal electrocardiogram and chest radiograph. The old age, long length of service, medium, small and microscopic enterprise, and manufacturing and other industries are risk factors that affect the health status of coal dust-exposed workers.