Objective To investigate the current status of myopia and related factors in primary and secondary school students in Gannan Zang Autonomous Prefecture, China.

Methods In 2020, the stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 3 082 grade 4-6 primary school students and secondary school students as subjects, and a questionnaire survey and eye examinations were performed for all subjects. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate the influencing factors for myopia.

Results The rate of myopia was 64.4% among the subjects. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of myopia among ordinary high school students was higher than that among primary school students (odds ratio OR=1.640, P < 0.05); boys had a higher risk of myopia than girls (OR=1.466, P < 0.05); the students with an average daily working time of ≥2 hours had a higher risk of myopia than those with an average daily working time of < 2 hours (OR=1.442, P < 0.05); the students whose father had myopia (OR=1.728, P < 0.05), the students whose mother had myopia (OR=2.214, P < 0.05), and the students whose parents had myopia (OR=2.657, P < 0.05) had a higher risk of myopia than those whose parents did not have myopia; the students with a frequency of changing seats of once a week had a lower risk of myopia than those with a frequency of changing seats of once every 2 weeks or less frequently (OR=0.824, P < 0.05); the students often or always having their eyes more than one Chi (1/3 m) away from books had a lower risk of myopia than those never or occasionally having their eyes more than one Chi (1/3 m) away from books (OR=0.838, P < 0.05).

Conclusion There is a relatively high rate of myopia among the primary and secondary school students in Gannan Zang Autonomous Prefecture, and related measures should be adopted for the key populations of ordinary high school students, girls, and students whose parents have myopia to prevent and control myopia by reducing the amount of homework, adjusting the seats regularly, reading and writing with correct postures, and implementing health education.