Objective To analyze the mortality trend of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the level of early death and life reduction among residents in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2022, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Methods The data came from the "Cause of Death Surveillance System" of Lanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the direct cause of death was screened according to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases I00~I99 in the International Classification of Disease 10th Revision (ICD-10).SPSS 26.0 and joinpoint 4.9.0.0 software were used to process and analyze the data, and the crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, premature death probability, potential life loss years (PYLL), life reduction rate (PYLLR) and annual percentage change (APC) were calculated.

Results During the years 2014 to 2022, the cumulative number of deaths due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among residents in Lanzhou City reached 84, 790, with a crude death rate of 251.02 per 100, 000 population and a standardized death rate of 214.38 per 100, 000 population. The mortality rates for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the age groups of 0-14 years, 15-64 years, and ≥65 years showed that the older the age, the higher the mortality rate. The top five diseases were cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, cor pulmonale and rheumatic heart disease, and the mortality rate of all diseases was higher in men than in women < 0.001)。From 2014 to 2022, the probability of premature death from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Lanzhou was 6.12%, which decreased from 6.77% in 2014 to 5.30% in 2022, with APC=-3.01%, and the difference was not statistically significant (t=-2.35, P=0.052). The analysis of early death and life reduction showed that the cumulative number of PYLL person-years due to cardiovascular disease was 409 596 person-years, of which 244 441 were male-years and 165 155 female-years. The APC of PYLL was -5.44% (P=0.021). The PYLLLR was 12.23‰, 14.24‰ for males and 10.11‰ for females. PYLLR APC=-5.91%(t=-2.70, P=0.032)。

Conclusion Cerebrovascular diseases, ischemic heart disease, and hypertension are the main cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases that cause death and early death and life loss in Lanzhou residents, and the detection and screening of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly population should be strengthened to improve people's awareness and attention to early symptoms and reduce the disease burden.