2018—2022年盐城市出厂水液氯与次氯酸钠消毒水质对比分析

王前; 刘敏; 姜涛; 姚俊

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2024.02.012

2018—2022年盐城市出厂水液氯与次氯酸钠消毒水质对比分析

A comparative analysis of finished water quality disinfected by liquid chlorine or sodium hypochlorite in Yancheng, China, 2018—2022

摘要

摘要:
目的通过调查盐城市2018—2022年出厂水中消毒副产物的主要污染情况，分析液氯与次氯酸钠消毒对出厂水水质的影响。
方法 2018—2022年间采集A、B自来水厂的出厂水及水源水水样共40份, 消毒方式分别为液氯消毒与次氯酸钠消毒，检测消毒副产物、消毒剂和微生物指标水平。
结果 A、B水厂水源水中三氯甲烷(Z=-0.38)、二氯一溴甲烷(Z=-1.07)、一氯二溴甲烷(Z=-0.61)、三溴甲烷(Z=-1.37)含量差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；2家水厂出厂水中消毒副产物指标均合格；水源水中三氯甲烷(Z=-5.41)、二氯一溴甲烷(Z=-3.47)、一氯二溴甲烷(Z=-2.34)含量均低于出厂水中含量(P＜0.05)；A水厂出厂水中一氯二溴甲烷(Z=-2.19)、三溴甲烷(Z=-2.04)含量均高于B水厂的出厂水(P＜0.05)；当出厂水游离余氯浓度水平＞0.8 mg/L时，三氯甲烷(Z=-2.36)、二氯乙酸(Z=-2.79)、三氯乙酸(Z=-2.16)含量均较游离余氯浓度水平≤0.8 mg/L时高(P＜0.05)；丰水期出厂水中三氯甲烷(Z=-3.48)、二氯乙酸(Z=-2.85)、三氯乙酸(Z=-3.16)的含量均高于枯水期(P＜0.01)；液氯消毒的出厂水中余氯含量高于次氯酸钠消毒的出厂水(Z=-2.41，P＜0.05)；液氯和次氯酸钠消毒对出厂水中的微生物指标无显著影响。
结论液氯消毒与次氯酸钠消毒两种消毒方式均具有较好的消毒效果，部分消毒副产物指标受到水样类型、消毒方式、水期和余氯水平差异的影响。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the main pollution of disinfection by-products on the quality of finished water in Yancheng, China, 2018—2022, and analyze the influence of liquid chlorine and sodium hypochlorite disinfection on the quality of finished water.
Methods From 2018 to 2022, a total of 40 samples of finished water and source water were collected from waterworks A(disinfected by liquid chlorine) and B(disinfected by sodium hypochlorite), respectively, to detect the levels of disinfection by-products, disinfectants and microbial indicators.
Results There was no significant difference between the waterworks A and B in the contents of trichloromethane (Z=-0.38, P>0.05), bromodichloromethane (Z=-1.07, P>0.05), dibromochloromethane (Z=-0.61, P>0.05), and tribromomethane (Z=-1.37, P>0.05) in source water. The disinfection by-products of finished water in both waterworks was qualified. The contents of trichloromethane (Z=-5.41), bromo-dichloromethane (Z=-3.47) and bromo-dichloromethane (Z=-2.34) in source water were lower than those in finished water (P < 0.05). The contents of chlorodibromomethane (Z=-2.19) and tribromomethane (Z=-2.04) in water from waterworks A were higher than those from waterworks B (P < 0.05). The contents of trichloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, and trichloroacetic acid in finished water with a free residual chlorine concentration of>0.8 mg/L were significantly higher than those in finished water with a free residual chlorine concentration of ≤0.8 mg/L (Z=-2.36, -2.79, and -2.16, P < 0.05). The contents of trichloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, and trichloroacetic acid in finished water in wet season were significantly higher than those in dry season (Z=-3.48, -2.85, and -3.16, P < 0.01).The finished water disinfected by liquid chlorine showed a significantly higher content of residual chlorine than that disinfected by sodium hypochlorite (Z=-2.41, P < 0.05). Disinfection with liquid chlorine or sodium hypochlorite had no significant effect on the microbial indicators of finished water.
Conclusion Both disinfection method with liquid chlorine and sodium hypochlorite have good disinfection effect, and some disinfection by-product indicators are affected by the differences in water sample type, disinfection method, water seasons, and residual chlorine level.

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