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    林奕嘉, 李丽娟. 深圳市罗湖区生活饮用水中11种元素浓度特征及健康风险[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2023, 13(10): 757-764. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2023.10.007
    引用本文: 林奕嘉, 李丽娟. 深圳市罗湖区生活饮用水中11种元素浓度特征及健康风险[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2023, 13(10): 757-764. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2023.10.007
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    LIN Yi-jia, LI Li-juan. Concentration characteristics and health risk of 11 elements in drinking water in Luohu District, Shenzhen, China[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2023, 13(10): 757-764. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2023.10.007
    Citation: LIN Yi-jia, LI Li-juan. Concentration characteristics and health risk of 11 elements in drinking water in Luohu District, Shenzhen, China[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2023, 13(10): 757-764. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2023.10.007
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    深圳市罗湖区生活饮用水中11种元素浓度特征及健康风险

    Concentration characteristics and health risk of 11 elements in drinking water in Luohu District, Shenzhen, China

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 了解深圳市罗湖区生活饮用水中Fe、Cd、Al、Mn、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Hg、Pb和Cr(VI)11种元素的浓度特征, 并评估其健康风险。
      方法 利用简单随机抽样在深圳市罗湖区4个水厂采集出厂水、末梢水和二次供水样品共162份, 按照《生活饮用水检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)分析水样中Fe、Cd、Al、Mn、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Hg、Pb和Cr(VI)11种元素浓度; 运用重金属水质污染评价指数(HPI)和重金属评价指数(HEI)评估Fe、Cd、Mn、Cu、Zn、Hg、Pb和Cr(VI)8种重金属污染水平; 参考《化学物质环境健康风险评估技术指南》(WS/T 777-2021)评估检出元素的致癌健康风险(CR)和非致癌健康风险(HQ); 采用Monte Carlo模拟方法进行不确定性和敏感性分析。
      结果 对测得的饮用水11种元素浓度进行分析, 结果表明梧桐山水厂2019年春季1个出厂水和3个末梢水样品中的Al浓度超过国家标准(0.2 mg/L), 4个样品的浓度分别为0.25、0.28、0.24和0.24mg/L; 除Al外, 其他元属在所有样品中均未超标; Fe、Cd、Mn、Cu、Zn、Hg、Pb和Cr(VI) HPI和HEI分别为0.1034和0.2631, 处于低污染水平; Fe、Al、Mn、Cu、Zn、As和Se的HQ均远低于1, 这7种元素非致癌健康风险可以基本忽略; As的CR为3.07×10-5±1.32×10-5, 未超过最大可接受风险水平1×10-4; 敏感性分析结果显示As浓度是最敏感参数。
      结论 罗湖区生活饮用水中部分Al超标, 应作为保障饮用水安全的重点关注对象; 饮用水中11种元素的健康风险较低, 可以安全饮用。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To investigate the concentration characteristics of Fe, Cd, Al, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Hg, Pb, and Cr(VI) in drinking water in Luohu District, Shenzhen, China, and to evaluate their health risks.
      Methods A total of 162 samples of finished water, tap water, and secondary water supply were collected by the simple random sampling method from four water treatment plants in Luohu District, and the concentrations of Fe, Cd, Al, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Hg, Pb, and Cr(VI) in the water samples were analyzed according to the Standard Examination Method for Drinking Water (GB/T 5750-2006). Heavy metal pollution index (HPI) and heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) were performed to evaluate the pollution levels of Fe, Cd, Mn, Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb, and Cr(VI). The carcinogenic health risks and non-carcinogenic health risks of detected elements were evaluated by the Technical Guide for Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Exposure (WS/T 777-2021). The uncertainty and sensitivity were analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation method.
      Results The concentration of 11 elements in drinking water was analyzed, and the result showed that the concentrations of Al in 1 finished water and 3 tap water samples collected from Wutong Shanshui Water Treatment Plant in the spring of 2019 exceeded the national standard (0.2 mg/L), with 0.25, 0.28, 0.24, and 0.24 mg/L, respectively. Other metal elements did not exceed the standards in all samples. The HPI and HEI of Fe, Cd, Mn, Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb, and Cr(VI) were 0.1034 and 0.2631, respectively, which indicated low pollution levels. The HQ of Fe, Al, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, and Se were well below 1, and the non-carcinogenic health risks of these 7 elements were mostly negligible. The CR of As was 3.07×10-5±1.32×10-5, which did not exceed the maximum acceptable risk level of 1×10-4. The sensitivity analysis showed that As concentration was the most sensitive parameter.
      Conclusion The Al concentrations in some drinking water samples in Luohu District exceed the standard, which requires careful attention to ensure the safety of drinking water. Drinking water has low health risks related to the 11 elements and is safe for consumption.

       

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