Objective To investigate the mortality of chronic respiratory diseases and its changing trend in permanent residents of Jiangxi province, China, and to provide a basis for formulating relevant prevention and control measures.

Methods Based on the surveillance data of cause of death in Jiangxi from 2015 to 2021, a statistical analysis was performed to calculate the crude mortality, standardized mortality, years of life lost (YLL), average years of life lost (AYLL), YLL rate, and average annual percent change (AAPC) due to chronic respiratory diseases.

Results There were 41 969 deaths due to chronic respiratory diseases in Jiangxi from 2015 to 2021, with a crude mortality of 71.30/100 000 and a standardized mortality of 61.46/100 000. The crude mortality in males(83.60/100 000) was higher than that in females (58.47/10 000) (χ²=1 304.50, P < 0.001). The standardized mortality (AAPC=-4.05%, P=0.015) and the female standardized mortality (AAPC=-5.79%, P=0.003) of chronic respiratory diseases showed decreasing trend. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) was the main cause of death from chronic respiratory diseases. The YLL of chronic respiratory diseases in Jiangxi Province was 379 800 person years, with an AYLL of 9.05 person years and a YLL rate of 6.45‰.

Conclusion The death rate of chronic respiratory diseases in Jiangxi Province from 2015 to 2021 shows a downward trend, but the mortality and disease burden are still high. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be strengthened for high-risk populations.