Abstract: To summarize population-based epidemiological studies on the impact of early-life exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) on children's health.Search in PubMed, Embase, and Chinese electronic databases to read and summarize the relevant cohort research literature published in the past five years. Studies in the past five years focused on the effects of early-life exposure to PFASs on children's growth and development indicators, hormone levels, neuropsychological function development, immune regulation, telomere length, and liver toxicity, and found an association between early-life exposure to PFASs and adverse health outcomes mentioned above. Although the number of studies on specific health outcomes is limited, there is evidence that early-life exposure to PFASs may affect newborn/infant length, body mass index, thyroid hormone levels, immune regulation, and neuropsychological function development. These findings may provide insights for risk assessment and decision-making in the production of PFAS-containing products.