2021年南通市宾馆酒店健康危害因素监测结果

何丰翼; 蒋正东; 侯沙沙; 许滋宁; 何智敏

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2023.07.005

摘要:

目的分析南通市宾馆酒店健康危害因素监测结果，掌握其环境卫生现况和主要健康危害因素。

方法参照《公共场所卫生检验方法》(GB/T 18204)，2021年在南通市抽取18家不同星级宾馆酒店，开展物理因素、室内空气、公共用品用具微生物和冷却水嗜肺军团菌的监测，并依据《公共场所卫生指标及限值要求》(GB 37488-2019)、《建筑通风效果测试与评价标准》(JGJ/T 309-2013)和《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》(WS 394-2012)对监测结果进行评价。

结果 2021年南通市宾馆酒店的室内风速、空气中CO、CO₂、苯、二甲苯合格率均达到100%；甲苯、菌落总数合格率均> 90%；PM_2.5、PM₁₀合格率在80%~90%之间；噪声、温度、湿度合格率分别为66.67%、34.15%、38.21%。夏季室内湿度、空气中甲醛合格率低于冬季，差异均有统计学意义(χ²=24.40, P < 0.05; χ²=9.60, P < 0.05)；夏季室内温度合格率高于冬季，差异有统计学意义(χ²=7.44, P < 0.05)。公共用品用具大肠菌群、金黄色葡萄球菌和冷却水嗜肺军团菌合格率均为100%。毛巾、漱口杯菌落总数合格率分别为98.78%、92.78%。毛巾pH值合格率为37.10%。不同星级宾馆室内空气甲醛、毛巾pH值、漱口杯菌落总数合格率差异均有统计学意义(χ²=7.10, P < 0.05; χ²=110.27, P < 0.05; χ²=8.55, P < 0.05)。

结论 2021年南通市宾馆酒店健康危害因素监测结果总体状况尚可，但室内温度、湿度、噪声、空气中甲醛、PM_2.5、PM₁₀和毛巾pH值合格率较低。

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the monitoring data of health hazard factors at hotels in Nantong, China, and to understand the environmental hygienic situation and main health hazard factors at hotels in Nantong.

Methods According to the Examination Method for Public Places (GB/T 18204), 18 hotels of different star ratings in Nantong were selected in 2021 to monitor physical factors, indoor air quality, microorganisms of public articles, and Legionella pneumophila in cooling water. The result were evaluated according to the Hygienic Indicators and Limits for Public Places (GB 37488-2019), the Standard of the Measurement and Evaluation for Efficiency of Building Ventilation (JGJ/T 309-2013), and the Hygienic Specification of Central Air Conditioning Ventilation System in Public Puildings (WS 394-2012).

Results In 2021, the qualified rates of indoor wind speed and CO, CO₂, benzene, and xylene in the air of hotels in Nantong all reached 100%. The qualified rates of toluene and the total number of colonies were all more than 90%. The qualified rates of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were between 80% and 90%. The qualified rates of noise, temperature, and humidity were 66.67%, 34.15%, and 38.21%, respectively. The qualified rates of indoor humidity and formaldehyde in the air were significantly lower in summer than that in winter (χ²=24.40, P < 0.05; χ²=9.60, P < 0.05). The qualified rate of indoor temperature in summer was significantly higher than that in winter (χ²=7.44, P < 0.05). The qualified rates of coliform bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus in public articles and L. pneumophila in cooling water were all 100%. The qualified rates of total colony count of towels and mouthwash cups were 98.78% and 92.78%, respectively. The qualified rate of pH value of towels was 37.10%. There were significant differences in the qualified rates of formaldehyde in indoor air, the pH value of towels, and the total colony count of mouthwash cups between hotels of different star rating levels (χ²=7.10, P < 0.05; χ²=110.27, P < 0.05; χ²=8.55, P < 0.05).

Conclusion The monitoring result of health hazard factors at hotels in Nantong in 2021 were generally satisfactory, but with relatively low qualified rates of indoor temperature, humidity, noise, pH values of towels, and formaldehyde, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ in indoor air.

2021年南通市宾馆酒店健康危害因素监测结果

Monitoring results of health hazard factors at hotels in Nantong, China, 2021