2019—2021年内蒙古自治区农村环境卫生与居民腹泻调查分析

李婧; 李丽; 范耀春

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2023.06.007

2019—2021年内蒙古自治区农村环境卫生与居民腹泻调查分析

Investigation and analysis of rural environmental hygiene and diarrhea among residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, 2019—2021

摘要

摘要:
目的调查2019—2021年内蒙古自治区农村地区环境卫生和居民腹泻状况，探讨农村地区环境卫生对居民腹泻发病的影响，为提升内蒙古自治区农村环境卫生状况、减少农村居民腹泻发生提供依据。
方法按照分层随机抽样方法，抽取内蒙古自治区29个旗县区8 700户农村家庭进行问卷调查，收集家庭环境卫生、居民卫生习惯以及腹泻状况，进行多因素Logistic回归分析农村居民腹泻发病的影响因素。
结果调查显示，影响农村居民腹泻发生的影响因素包括饮用非集中式供水(OR=2.122，95%CI=1.598~2.818)、饮用非开水(OR=3.719，95%CI=2.571~5.380)、生活垃圾随意丢弃(OR=4.284，95%CI=3.707~4.951)、生活污水随意排放(OR=6.494，95%CI=4.836~8.719)以及厨房中存在苍蝇(OR=1.999，95%CI=1.489~2.684)。
结论内蒙古自治区区农村地区家庭行为习惯仍存在健康隐患，应加强饮水卫生宣传和健康宣教，改善农村环境卫生，保障农村家庭居民的身体健康。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate environmental health and diarrhea among residents in rural areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 2019—2021, and analyze the impact of environmental health on the incidence of diarrhea in rural areas, to provide a basis for improving rural environmental health status and reducing the incidence of diarrhea among rural residents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Methods The stratified random sampling method was performed to select 8 700 rural households in 29 banners/counties/districts of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the information on household environmental sanitation, hygienic habits, and diarrhea status. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of the incidence of diarrhea among rural residents.
Results The survey showed that the influencing factors for diarrhea in rural residents included drinking non-centralized water supply (odds ratio OR=2.122, 95% confidence interval CI: 1.598-2.818), drinkingunboiled water (OR=3.719, 95%CI: 2.571-5.380), discarding domestic waste carelessly (OR=4.284, 95%CI: 3.707-4.951), discharging domestic sewage randomly (OR=6.494, 95%CI: 4.836-8.719), and presence of flies in kitchen (OR=1.999, 95%CI: 1.489-2.684).
Conclusion There are still health hazards in behavior habits among households in rural areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and health education of drinking water, and improve rural environmental hygiene, so as to ensure the health of ruralresidents.

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