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    曲玥, 曾芳婷, 陈凤格, 康慧, 关茗洋. 石家庄市儿童呼吸系统疾病空气质量健康指数的构建[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2023, 13(1): 37-44. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2023.01.005
    引用本文: 曲玥, 曾芳婷, 陈凤格, 康慧, 关茗洋. 石家庄市儿童呼吸系统疾病空气质量健康指数的构建[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2023, 13(1): 37-44. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2023.01.005
    shu
    QU Yue, ZENG Fang-ting, CHEN Feng-ge, KANG Hui, GUAN Ming-yang. Construction of an air quality health index for pediatric respiratory disease in Shijiazhuang, China[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2023, 13(1): 37-44. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2023.01.005
    Citation: QU Yue, ZENG Fang-ting, CHEN Feng-ge, KANG Hui, GUAN Ming-yang. Construction of an air quality health index for pediatric respiratory disease in Shijiazhuang, China[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2023, 13(1): 37-44. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2023.01.005
    shu

    石家庄市儿童呼吸系统疾病空气质量健康指数的构建

    Construction of an air quality health index for pediatric respiratory disease in Shijiazhuang, China

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 了解石家庄市大气污染对儿童呼吸系统疾病的影响, 构建石家庄市儿童呼吸系统疾病发病风险空气质量健康指数(air quality health inedx, AQHI)。
      方法 收集石家庄市2017—2021年环境空气污染物、气象及河北省儿童医院呼吸系统疾病门诊资料, 采用广义相加模型定量分析各污染物和气象因素与儿童呼吸系统疾病发病风险的暴露—反应关系, 根据超额就诊风险构建AQHI, 并比较AQHI与空气质量指数(air quality index, AQI)对儿童呼吸系统疾病发病风险的影响。
      结果 污染物PM2.5、SO2和NO2质量浓度每升高10 μg/m, 儿童呼吸系统疾病发病风险分别增加0.23%(95%CI: 0.06%, 0.41%)、2.10%(95%CI: 0.95%, 3.27%)和1.18%(95%CI: 0.61%, 1.75%); O3对儿童呼吸系统疾病发病风险的影响无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。性别分层结果提示, PM2.5对女童的影响更大, SO2、NO2均对男童的影响更大; 年龄分层结果提示, SO2、NO2对7~14岁儿童的影响更大。综合分析后将PM2.5、SO2、NO2纳入AQHI构建, 经与AQI对比, AQHI能更好的描述儿童呼吸系统疾病就医行为。
      结论 石家庄市PM2.5、SO2、NO2均对儿童呼吸系统疾病发病风险有影响, 所构建的石家庄市儿童呼吸系统疾病发病风险AQHI可较好地预测大气污染对儿童呼吸系统疾病的影响。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To investigate the effects of air pollution on pediatric respiratory diseases in Shijiazhuang, China, and to construct an air quality health index (AQHI) for the incidence risk of pediatric respiratory diseases in Shijiazhuang.
      Methods The data on ambient pollutants, meteorological factors and outpatient visits for respiratory diseases were collected in Children's Hospital of Hebei Province from 2017 to 2021. A generalized additive model was conducted to quantitatively analyze the exposure-response relationship between pollutants and the number of pediatric outpatient visits for the incidence risk of respiratory diseases. The AQHI was constructed based on the excess risk of outpatient visits, and the effects of AQHI and air quality index (AQI) on the incidence risk of respiratory diseases in children were compared.
      Results Every 10 μg/m3 increment in the mass concentration of PM2.5, SO2 and NO2 was associated with 0.23%(95%CI: 0.06%, 0.41%), 2.10%(95%CI: 0.95%, 3.27%), and 1.18%(95%CI: 0.61%, 1.75%) increase in the incidence risk of pediatric respiratory diseases, respectively. Ozone had no significant effect on the incidence risk of pediatric respiratory diseases(P>0.05). Sex-stratified analysis revealed that PM2.5 had greater effects on girls, while SO2 and NO2 had greater effects on boys. Age-stratified analysis showed that SO2 and NO2 had greater effects on children aged 7-14 years. After comprehensive analysis, compared with AQI, AQHI which was constructed including PM2.5, SO2 and NO2 could better describe medical visits for respiratory diseases in children.
      Conclusion PM2.5, SO2 and NO2 have impacts on the incidence risk of pediatric respiratory diseases in Shijiazhuang. The AQHI for pediatric respiratory diseases can well predict the effects of air pollution on the incidence risk of pediatric respiratory diseases in Shijiazhuang.

       

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