非酒精性脂肪性肝病在不同海拔及不同民族人群中的患病率

祁生贵; 更登; 李莉; 杨省燕; 解建敏

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2022.07.011

非酒精性脂肪性肝病在不同海拔及不同民族人群中的患病率

The incidence rate for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the different ethnic population at high altitude

摘要

摘要:
目的分析2 000 m以上高海拔健康体检人群非酒精性脂肪肝的患病率及危险因素。
方法对青海省海拔2 000 m以上的8 888例体检人群进行体格检查，分析不同性别、海拔梯度及民族对NAFLD在体检人群中的患病率及NAFLD的构成比。
结果 2 000 m以上地区NAFLD总患病率为39.09%。各民族间NAFLD的患病率存在显著性差异（χ²=191.49，P<0.01）。藏族NAFLD患病率显著高于汉族（χ²=181.81，P<0.001）及回族（χ²=17.58，P<0.001），无论是藏族还是汉族，NAFLD的患病率均随着年龄的增高有增高的趋势（χ²=69.55，P<0.01）。藏族NAFLD的患病率随着海拔的增高有增高的趋势（χ²=31.90，P<0.01）。汉族NAFLD的患病率随着海拔的增高也有增高的趋势（χ²=103.53，P<0.01）。随着海拔的升高，其轻度NAFLD的构成比在降低（χ²=113.98，P<0.01）且三个海拔组的NAFLD构成比有显著性差异（χ²=132.95，P<0.001）。
结论 NAFLD在高海拔地区体检人群中存在相对较高的患病率，NAFLD的发生及构成在不同海拔梯度及民族的体检人群中表现不同。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the population undergoing physical examination at high altitude (above 2 000 m) and related risk factors.
Methods Physical examination was performed for 8888 individuals who lived at high altitude (above 2 000 m) in Qinghai province of China, and incidence and constitute of NAFLD were compared by ethnicity and elevation gradient.
Results The overall incidence rate of NAFLD was 39.09% in the areas above 2 000 m. There were significant differences in the incidence of NAFLD among ethnic groups(χ²=191.49, P<0.01). The incidence of NAFLD of Tibetan was significantly higher (χ²=181.81, P<0.01) and Hui (χ²=17.54, P=<0.01). The incidence of NAFLD increased with age (χ²=69.55, P<0.01). The incidence of Tibetan NAFLD has increased with elevation(χ²=31.89, P<0.01). The incidence of NAFLD in Han nationality increased with elevation (χ²=103.53, P<0.01). As altitude rises, the proportion of mild NAFLD were decreased(χ²=113.98, P<0.01), the NAFLD constitutes of the three groups was significantly different (χ²=132.95, P<0.01).
Conclusion There is a relatively high prevalence rate of NAFLD at high altitude, and there is a unique performance on the incidence and constitute of NAFLD among different ethnicity and among different elevation gradient.

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