泰州市儿童尿液中甜蜜素及其代谢物环己胺暴露水平

蒋晓丽; 杨华梅; 王艳莉; 杭莉; 李晨; 黄为红

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2021.05.003

泰州市儿童尿液中甜蜜素及其代谢物环己胺暴露水平

Exposure of Cyclamate and Its Metabolite Cyclohexylamine in Urine of Children Living in Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要

摘要:
目的通过测定儿童尿液中甜蜜素和环己胺的含量，了解儿童体内甜蜜素和环己胺的暴露情况。
方法 2019年5—6月采集泰州市268个(2~12)岁儿童24 h尿液，对其当日饮食情况、甜食习惯以及健康状况进行了问卷调查。采用超高效液相色谱—串联质谱法对尿样中甜蜜素和环己胺含量进行检测，通过统计学分析年龄、性别、甜食喜好程度、甜度要求及甜食频次等因素对甜蜜素日摄入量、甜蜜素浓度及环己胺浓度的影响。
结果本研究中儿童尿液中甜蜜素检出率为68.70%，在甜蜜素阳性样本中，甜蜜素质量浓度中位数为2.41 mg/L, 不同年龄组、甜食偏好和甜度要求的儿童体内甜蜜素质量浓度的差异有统计学意义(χ²值分别为7.21、7.64和6.75，P < 0.05)；总样本中甜蜜素日摄入量中位数为0.04 mg/kg bw，甜蜜素日摄入量最大值为4.19 mg/kg bw，低于欧盟食品科学委员制定的ADI最高值(7 mg/kg bw)；环己胺检出率为16.30%，最大值为11.70 mg/L。
结论平时饮食偏甜的儿童存在甜蜜素暴露偏高风险，服用抗生素及便秘等干扰肠道菌因素可能会增加甜蜜素代谢为环己胺的风险。建议有便秘和服用抗生素的儿童不应摄入含有甜蜜素食品以减少甜蜜素代谢风险。

Abstract:
Objective To understand the exposure levels to cyclamate and cyclohexylamine in children bodies by measuring the content of cyclamate and cyclohexylamine in their urine.
Methods A total of 268 volunteers aged 2-12 years in Taizhou, Jiangsu province, China were recruited, and their urine samples within 24 h were collected from May to June 2019.A questionnaire survey was performed on their intraday diet, sweet food habits, and health status. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine the content of cyclamate and cyclohexylamine in the urine samples.A statistical analysis was performed to investigate the effects of age, sex, sweet food preference, sweetness requirement, and sweet food intake frequency on daily intake of cyclamate and the concentrations of cyclamate and cyclohexylamine.
Results In this study, the detection rate of cyclamate was 68.70%, and the median mass concentration of cyclamate was 2.41 mg/L in the cyclamate positive samples. There were significant differences in cyclamate mass concentration among different age groups, sweet food preferences, and sweetness requirements (χ² were 7.21, 7.64, and 6.75, respectively, P < 0.05). The median daily intake of cyclamate among all the volunteers was 0.04 mg/kg bw, and the maximum daily intake was 4.19 mg/kg bw, which was lower than the acceptable daily intake (7 mg/kg bw) set by the European Commission's Scientific Committee on Food. The detection rate of cyclohexylamine was 16.30%, and its maximum mass concentration was 11.70 mg/L.
Conclusion Children with sweeter diet were at higher risk of cyclamate exposure; and taking antibiotics, constipation, and other factors that can interfere with intestinal bacteria may increase the risk of metabolism of cyclamate to cyclohexylamine. It is suggested that children with constipation or taking antibiotics should not intake foods containing cyclamate to reduce the risk of metabolism of cyclamate.

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