Objective To investigate the association of the concentrations of the gaseous pollutants SO₂, NO₂, O_{3-8 h}, and CO with the daily mortality of residents in Shijiazhuang, China.

Methods The data on daily mortality, gaseous pollutants concentrations, and meteorological factors in Shijiazhuang in 2013—2016 were collected, and a generalized additive time series model was used to evaluate the influence of the concentrations of gaseous pollutants on mortality. A stratified analysis was performed based on sex and age.

Results The total non-accidental mortality risk and the circulatory mortality risk increased by 0.46% (0.02%, 0.90%) and 0.75% (0.07%, 1.42%), respectively, with the concentration of SO₂ increased by 10 μg/m³. The total non-accidental mortality risk and the circulatory mortality risk increased by 1.00% (0.26%, 1.74%) and 1.30% (0.16%, 2.44%), respectively, with the concentration of NO₂ increased by 10 μg/m³. O_{3-8 h} and CO had a positive effect on the mortality risk, but there was no statistical significance. The stratified analysis showed that SO₂ had a significantly greater influence on women's health than on men's health, and the difference was significant; NO₂ had a greater influence on women's health than on men's health, and had a greater influence on the people aged ≥65 years than on those aged (0-64) years, but there was not statisticaliy significant difference.

Conclusion There is serious pollution of the gaseous pollutants SO₂ and NO₂ in Shijiazhuang, and the increasing concentrations of SO₂ and NO₂ might increase the risk of non-accidental mortality and circulatory mortality. It is suggested that the government and the public should pay attention to the impact of gaseous pollutants on people's health, especially females, while protecting particulate pollution.