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    马欣然, 刘起勇, 孙文锴, 刘小波, 李贵昌, 宋秀平, 王君, 郭玉红. 石灰水对埃及伊蚊不同发育阶段影响研究[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2021, 11(1): 17-21. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2021.01.004
    引用本文: 马欣然, 刘起勇, 孙文锴, 刘小波, 李贵昌, 宋秀平, 王君, 郭玉红. 石灰水对埃及伊蚊不同发育阶段影响研究[J]. 环境卫生学杂志, 2021, 11(1): 17-21. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2021.01.004
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    MA Xinran, LIU Qiyong, SUN Wenkai, LIU Xiaobo, LI Guichang, SONG Xiuping, WANG Jun, GUO Yuhong. Impact of Lime Water on Different Developmental Stages of Aedes aegypti[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2021, 11(1): 17-21. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2021.01.004
    Citation: MA Xinran, LIU Qiyong, SUN Wenkai, LIU Xiaobo, LI Guichang, SONG Xiuping, WANG Jun, GUO Yuhong. Impact of Lime Water on Different Developmental Stages of Aedes aegypti[J]. Journal of Environmental Hygiene, 2021, 11(1): 17-21. DOI: 10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2021.01.004
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    石灰水对埃及伊蚊不同发育阶段影响研究

    Impact of Lime Water on Different Developmental Stages of Aedes aegypti

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 通过石灰水对埃及伊蚊生活史幼期不同阶段生长发育影响的实验室研究，评价生石灰对防治埃及伊蚊的干预效果，为生石灰用于埃及伊蚊的防治提供实验数据。
      方法 将一定数量的埃及伊蚊依据不同发育阶段(卵、Ⅰ~Ⅳ龄期蚊幼、蛹)分别饲养于石灰水中，观察蚊幼活动情况，记录不同时期相应孵化时间、孵化率和死亡率，同时将实验室过夜自来水(实验室脱氯水)饲养蚊虫作对照，分析比较不同饲养环境、不同发育阶段埃及伊蚊发育的变化差异。
      结果 对照组埃及伊蚊卵的平均孵化时间为1.75 d，而试验组(1.3 g/L石灰水饲养)埃及伊蚊卵的平均孵化时间为3.84 d，是对照组的2.19倍，孵化时间的差异具有统计学意义(t=36.02，P < 0.05)。试验组埃及伊蚊卵孵化率为59.3%，对照组为89.3%，两组之间孵化率的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=35.38，P < 0.05)。Ⅰ~Ⅳ龄试验组蚊幼死亡率分别为44.0%、92.0%、97.3%、98.7%，显著高于对照组蚊幼死亡率，两组之间死亡率的差异具有统计学意义(χ2值为65.79~276.53，P < 0.05)。试验组蛹的死亡率为98.7%，显著高于对照组的死亡率，两组之间死亡率的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=280.35，P < 0.05)。对照组埃及伊蚊卵、蚊幼和蛹的死亡率分别为10.7%、2.3%和2.0%，三组之间死亡率的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=25.09，P < 0.05)。对照组埃及伊蚊卵的死亡率明显高于蚊幼和蛹。试验组埃及伊蚊卵、蚊幼和蛹的死亡率分别为40.7%、83.0%和98.7%，三组之间死亡率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=170.88，P < 0.05)。
      结论 石灰水对埃及伊蚊不同发育阶段均具有明显抑制作用，对蛹的杀灭作用最大，其次是蚊幼和卵。随着埃及伊蚊幼虫年龄的增长，石灰水对其抑制效果逐渐增强。但生石灰对埃及伊蚊成蚊的防治效果有待进一步的现场验证。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To investigate the intervention effect of quicklime on the prevention and control of Aedes aegypti through an experimental study on the impact of lime water on different developmental stages of Aedes aegypti, and to provide experimental data for quicklime used in the prevention and control of Aedes aegypti.
      Methods A certain number of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in different developmental stages (egg, larvae at I-IV instar, and pupae) were collected and fed in lime water, respectively, to observe the activity of mosquito larvae, and the corresponding hatching time, hatching rate, and mortality rate were recorded in different periods of time; at the same time, Aedes aegypti mosquitoes fed with dechlorinated tap water in laboratory were established as control group, and a comparative analysis was performed for the development of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in different feeding environments and developmental stages.
      Results The mean hatching time of Aedes aegypti eggs in the experimental group (fed with 1.3 g/L lime water) was 2.19 times than that in the control group (3.84 days vs 1.75 days, t=36.02, P < 0.05), and there was a significant difference in the hatching rate of Aedes aegypti eggs between the experimental group and the control group (59.3% vs 89.3%, χ2=35.38, P < 0.05). In the experimental group, the mortality rates of I-IV instars were 44.0%, 92.0%, 97.3%, and 98.7%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (χ2 were 65.79-276.53, P < 0.05). In the experimental group, the mortality rate of pupae was 98.7%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (χ2=280.35, P < 0.05). In the control group, the mortality rates of Aedes aegypti eggs, larvae, and pupae were 10.7%, 2.3%, and 2.0%, respectively, with a significant difference between the three groups (χ2=25.09, P < 0.05), and the mortality rate of Aedes aegypti eggs was significantly higher than that of mosquito larvae and pupae. In the experimental group, the mortality rates of Aedes aegypti eggs, larvae, and pupae were 40.7%, 83.0%, and 98.7%, respectively, with a significant difference between the three groups (χ2=170.88, P < 0.05).
      Conclusion Lime water has a marked inhibitory effect on different developmental stages of Aedes aegypti, with the greatest killing effect on pupae, followed by mosquito larvae and eggs. The inhibitory effect of lime water on Aedes aegypti is gradually enhanced with the increasing age of Aedes aegypti larvae; however, further field studies are needed to verify the effect of quicklime in the prevention and control of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

       

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