西安周边渭河玉米种植区土壤中有害元素评价

沈讷敏; 张祎玮; 刘佳; 费勇山; 刘锐晓; 陈艳

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2019.06.007

西安周边渭河玉米种植区土壤中有害元素评价

Assessment of Hazardous Elements in Soil in Weihe Corn Planting Area Around Xi'an

摘要

摘要:
目的了解西安周边渭河玉米种植区土壤中金属及类金属的分布特征及潜在的生态风险。
方法采用单因子污染指数法、综合污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对西安周边渭河玉米种植区土壤中5种As、Hg、Pb、Cd和Cr的生态风险进行评价。
结果西安周边渭河土壤中As、Hg、Pb、Cd和Cr的平均含量分别为8.7、0.047、30.9、0.277和70.7 mg/kg，其中Hg、Pb、Cd和Cr平均值高于陕西土壤背景值。Hg和Cd的变异系数较大。5种污染物之间两两正相关。以陕西省土壤元素背景值为评价标准，污染评价结果表明，单因子污染指数Cd达到中度污染水平，As处于未污染水平，从综合污染指数来看土壤污染达到中度污染水平。
结论西安周边渭河玉米种植区土壤存在不同程度的金属及类金属污染，以Cd和Hg污染为主。

Abstract:
Objectives To understand the distribution characteristics and potential ecological risks of hazardous elements in soil in Weihe River corn growing area around Xi'an.
Methods The ecological risks of hazardous elements in the soil of Weihe River corn planting area around Xi'an were evaluated by single factor pollution index method, comprehensive pollution index and potential ecological risk index methods.
Results The average levels of As, Hg, Pb, Cd and Cr in Weihe soil around Xi'an are 8.7, 0.047, 30.9, 0.277, 70.7 mg/kg respectively, among which the average values of Hg, Pb, Cd and Cr are higher than the background values of Shanxi soil. The coefficient of variation of Hg and Cd is large. There are two positive correlations between the five contaminants. Using the element background value of soil in Shanxi province as the evaluation standard, the pollution evaluation result show that the single factor pollution index Cd reaches the moderate pollution level while as is at the non-pollution level. From the comprehensive pollution index, the hazardous elements in soil reach the moderate pollution level.
Conclusions The soil in Weihe River corn planting area around Xi'an has different levels of hazardous elements pollution, with Cd and Hg pollution as the main pollutants.

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