兰州市城关区居民Ⅱ型糖尿病患病情况及其影响因素

冯亚莉; 李盛; 王金玉; 赵玲珑; 李欣娜; 禄韶华; 何继瑞; 李守禹

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2019.06.006

兰州市城关区居民Ⅱ型糖尿病患病情况及其影响因素

Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Prevalence and Its Influencing Factors of Community Residents in Chengguan District of Lanzhou

摘要

摘要:
目的了解兰州市城关区居民Ⅱ型糖尿病患病情况，确定其患病危险因素，为该地糖尿病的防控提供理论依据。
方法采用分层抽样的方法随机抽取城关区15岁以上社区居民4 917人，男性和女性分别占48.7%和51.3%。采用问卷调查和血糖检测的方法对糖尿病患病情况及可能危险因素调查，数据采用单因素分析和Logistic回归分析。
结果兰州市城关区居民Ⅱ型糖尿病患病率为4.2%。单因素分析结果显示，年龄（χ²=137.420；P < 0.01）、体重（χ²=37.676；P < 0.01）、婚姻状况（χ²=62.031；P < 0.01）、文化程度（χ²=49.888；P < 0.01）、职业（χ²=104.199；P < 0.01）、每周吃早餐情况（χ²=21.711；P < 0.01）、每天吃水果（χ²=15.458；P < 0.01）、每天吃奶及奶制品（χ²=10.689；P=0.014）、日常食用甜类糕点（χ²=21.349；P < 0.01）、吸烟（χ²=10.181；P=0.017）、被动吸烟（χ²=9.437；P < 0.01）、心理状况（χ²=31.058；P < 0.01）、情绪（χ²=19.081；P < 0.01）、每周身体活动次数（χ²=30.844；P < 0.01）和每天静坐时间（χ²=12.082；P=0.017）是糖尿病发生的可能影响因素。多因素Logistic回归分析发现，年龄（OR_18~=0.183，P < 0.01；OR_35~=0.454，P=0.002；OR_45~=0.634，P=0.033）、职业（OR_离退休=1.739，P=0.037）、奶及奶制品摄入（OR_{>300 g}=2.317，P=0.003）、情绪（OR_茫然=1.977，P=0.005；OR_压抑=1.866，P=0.017；OR_焦虑=1.804，P=0.011）为城关区居民糖尿病发生的主要危险因素，而水果摄入（OR_{不足100 g}=0.512，P=0.009；OR_{（100~200）g}=0.442，P=0.001；OR_{200 g以上}=0.485，P=0.011）可能是城关区居民糖尿病患病的保护因素。
结论兰州市城关区居民应从生活方式、合理膳食和心理健康等方面出发综合开展糖尿病的防控工作。

Abstract:
Objectives To understand the type 2 diabetes prevalence and determine its risk factors of the community residents so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of diabetes in Chengguan district of Lanzhou city.
Methods A stratified sampling method was used to randomly select 4 917 urban residents above the age of 15, Men and women accounted for 48.7 percent and 51.3 percent respectively. Questionnaire survey and blood glucose detection was used to investigate the prevalence and possible risk factors of diabetes mellitus. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to process the data.
Results The prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes among residents in Chengguan district of Lanzhou city was 4.2%. The univariate analysis showed that influencing factors of diabetes included age (χ²=137.420; P < 0.01), weight (χ²=37.676; P < 0.01), marital status (χ²=62.031; P < 0.01), educational level (χ²=49.888; P < 0.01), occupation (χ²=104.199; P < 0.01), breakfast intake per week (χ²=21.711; P < 0.01), fruit intake per day (χ²=15.458; P=0.001), milk and dairy products consumption per day (χ²=10.686; P=0.014), sweets and pastries (χ²=21.349; P < 0.01), smoking (χ²=10.181; P=0.017), passive smoking (χ²=9.437; P < 0.01), mental status (χ²=31.058; P < 0.01), mood (χ²=19.081; P < 0.01), weekly physical activity frequency (χ²=30.844; P < 0.01) and daily meditation time (χ²=12.082; P=0.017). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR_18~=0.183, P < 0.01; OR_35~=0.454, P=0.002; OR_45~=0.634, P=0.033), occupation (OR_retirement=1.739, P=0.037), milk and dairy products intake (OR_{>300 g}=2.317, P=0.003) emotion (OR_blankness=1.977, P=0.005; OR_depression=1.866, P=0.017; OR_anxiety=1.804, P=0.011) were the main risk factors for diabetes, but fruit intake (OR_{< 100 g}=0.512, P=0.009; OR_{(100~200 g)=}0.442, P=0.001; OR_{>200 g}=0.485, P=0.011) may be the protective factors for diabetes in Chengguan Dietrict residents.
Conclusions The strategy of comprehensive prevention and control for diabetes of local residents should be implemented from the aspects of lifestyle, reasonable diet and mental health in Chengguan District of Lanzhou city.

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