北京市怀柔区学校室内空气质量与小学生健康相关性研究

胡金凤; 坑斌; 孙利文; 李宏刚; 李福军

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2019.03.009

北京市怀柔区学校室内空气质量与小学生健康相关性研究

Study on Correlations between Indoor Air Quality and Student Health in Primary Schools in Huairou District, Beijing

摘要

摘要:
目的研究室内空气质量与小学生健康相关性，为本地区小学生健康管理提供依据。
方法选取城区两所学生人数在1 000名以上的学校，校内监测点为：学生活动室1间、（3~5）年级教室各2间，室外监测点1个。校内（3~5）年级小学生样本量为：问卷调查485名，肺功能测试60名；χ²检验及线性相关分析等方法对结果进行分析。
结果采集两所学校室内外14个监测点的空气质量样品31件，合格10件，合格率32.26%，超标项目均为CO₂；两所学校室内空气质量与学生健康相关分析结果显示，学生患病率与班级室内室内CO₂呈正相关（r=0.711，P=0.014）。
结论两所学校室内空气质量对学生健康影响存在风险，应加强通风，维持室内CO₂达标，预防疾病。

Abstract:
Objectives To study the correlations between indoor air quality and primary school students' health, providing bases for the health management in local areas.
Methods Two primary schools in the urban area with more than 1 000 students were selected. The monitoring sites were:1 student activity room, 2 classrooms of each grade from (3~5)th grade, and 1 outdoor monitoring site. The number of samples was:485 questionnaires and 60 pulmonary function tests; χ² test and linear correlation analysis were used to analyze the result.
Results 31 air quality samples were collected from 14 indoor and outdoor monitoring sites of two schools and 10 were qualified. The qualified rate was 32.26%, and the over-standard indicators were all CO₂. The analysis result of correlations between indoor air quality and student health in two schools showed that the prevalence rate of students was positively correlated with the concentration of indoor carbon dioxide in the classroom (r=0.71, P=0.014).
Conclusions The indoor air quality of the two schools has a risk on the health of students. Therefore, ventilation should be strengthened to maintain indoor CO₂ to satisfy the standard and prevent diseases.

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