温室土壤与蔬菜重金属及类金属健康风险评价

荣井荣; 朱丽娟; 罗中枢; 卢永立; 李睿超

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2018.04.006

温室土壤与蔬菜重金属及类金属健康风险评价

Health Risk Assessment on Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soil and Vegetables of Greenhouse

摘要

摘要:
目的为了提高设施蔬菜健康风险预警能力和安全性，将食品安全风险市场流通环节控制到田间地头生产环节，直接对产地设施蔬菜土壤与蔬菜重金属及类金属（铅、镉、砷和汞）进行监测，评价其污染和健康风险水平。
方法本文以伊春地区设施蔬菜种植土壤为例，采样单项污染指数法评价伊春市设施蔬菜土壤重金属及类金属污染情况，运用美国环保署（USEPA）目标危害系数（the target hazard quotient，THQ）法评价蔬菜中4种重金属及类金属健康风险水平。
结果设施蔬菜48份土壤铅、镉、砷和汞单项污染指数平均值分别为0.21，0.31，0.072和0.18，所检测的384蔬菜样本重金属及类金属含量均不超标。
结论伊春市设施蔬菜土壤重金属及类金属环境污染尚处于清洁状态，设施蔬菜重金属及类金属含量对人体健康风险整体尚处于安全水平。

Abstract:
Objectives In order to improve the early warning ability and safety of vegetable health risk, the risk of food safety and health was monitored from table to field, and the vegetable soil and vegetable heavy metals and mettalloids (lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury) were monitored, and the levels of pollution and health risk was evaluated.
Methods Taking the soil of vegetable planting in Yichun as an example, the contaminatine index of heavy metals and metlalloids in soils of Yichun were evaluated by single pollution index method. The health risk levels of 4 kinds of heavy metals and metal like metals in vegetables were evaluated by the the target hazard quotient (THQ) method of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).
Results The average value of lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury pollution index of 48 parts of the vegetable soil were 0.21, 0.31, 0.072 and 0.18, respectively. The levels of heavy metals and metlalloids in the 384 vegetable samples were not exceeding the standards.
Conclusions environmental pollution of heavy metals and mettalloids in greenhouse vegetable soils in Yichun are still in a clean state. The heavy metal and mettalloids levels in protected vegetables are still at a safe level for human health risks.

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