Abstract: This article analyzed the impact of antibiotics in aquatic environment on human health and ecological environment, and pointed out that the main source of antibiotics in aquatic environment was the wastewater from aquaculture, medical industry and pharmaceutical industry. The sewage contaminated by antibiotics in aquatic environment could make the flora usually resided in human body obtain resistance to antibiotics, resulting in the decrease of immunity, severe allergic reaction and chronic toxicity, along with the antibiotics contaminated sewage in aquatic environment might also have toxic effect on certain aquatic organisms. The migration and transformation of antibiotics in the environment and the effect of conventional treatment process on antibiotics were also described in this paper. Finally, for the current situation in China, the direction for the research and the work in the future on antibiotics in aquatic environment was also put forward.