两架民用航空器高效空气过滤器滤网微生物的菌属鉴定分析

邱兵; 范锦辉; 白国银; 秦凯政; 张树琛; 鲁炳怀; 赵旭; 周毓瑾; 祁妍敏

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2017.01.001

两架民用航空器高效空气过滤器滤网微生物的菌属鉴定分析

Microbial Identification on High Efficiency Air Filter of Two Civil Aircrafts

摘要

摘要:
目的初步了解我国民用航空器座舱高效空气过滤器 (HEPA) 滤网微生物污染状况。
方法采用涂抹法对高效空气过滤器再循环风扇滤网进风口面和出风口面采样。2015年11月及2016年1月，分别收集2架波音客机高效空气过滤器滤网，共采集细菌样本48个，真菌样本75个，通过分子生物技术对样本种属进行鉴定。
结果对飞机高效过滤器滤网表面的进风口表面和出风口表面的细菌总数和真菌总数，以及两架不同机龄的飞机再循环风扇滤网表面的细菌总数、真菌总数分别进行了比较，发现差异均存在统计学意义 (P < 0.05)。同时，进风口表面细菌优势菌种鉴定可能为杆菌属、真菌优势菌种为枝孢属、曲霉菌属、球腔菌属、小光壳属、青霉菌属。
结论滤网出风口面较进风口面卫生，推断高效空气过滤器对细菌、真菌的过滤效果良好，下一步飞机消毒方式应重点针对飞机座舱内座椅、配餐间、卫生间等的物表消毒，其次是空气消毒。

Abstract:
Objective To identify the microbial contamination of the high efficiency air filter in civil aircrafts.
Methods The sampling was carried out by smearing the surface of screens installed at the internal outlet of high efficiency air filter in November 2015 and January 2016. A total of 48 bacteria and 75 fungi samples were collected from 2 Boeing aircrafts with different service years.The microbial species were identified with molecular biotechnology.
Results The total number of bacteria and fungi counts on the inlet and outlet sides of recirculation fan were significantly different (P < 0.05); and the difference between the two planes with different service years was also significantly different (P < 0.05).The dominant bacteria strains on the inlet surface was identified as Bacterium, and the preponderant fungi strains were Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Mycosphaerella, Leptosphaerulina and Penicillium.
Conclusions The bacteria and fungi from the outlet side of high efficiency air filter fan were far fewer than those from the inlet side.The next research on plane disinfection should focus on the surface of seats, catering rooms and toilets of aircraft cabins other than the cabin air.

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