基于GIS的济南市典型大气污染物对哮喘病的时空影响研究

周历媛; 吴泉源; 蔡东全; 刘硕; 张龙龙

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2015.03.006

基于GIS的济南市典型大气污染物对哮喘病的时空影响研究

Typical Air Pollutants Space-time Effects on Asthma in Jinan City

摘要

摘要:
目的研究山东济南市典型大气污染物浓度对哮喘病患者发展变化的影响, 为呼吸道疾病研究和大气污染的防治提供科学依据。
方法在运用统计学原理处理数据的基础上, 依托于ARCGIS操作平台, 通过遥感影像反演和空间插值, 探究污染物浓度对于哮喘病发生、发展的时空影响。
结果哮喘病在夏季的发病率高于冬季; 在季节交替期间, 更容易发病; 哮喘患者发病规律相对于O₃浓度的变化趋势存在一致性, 且具有时间上的滞后性。在空间上, SO₂、NO₂和CO三种污染物对哮喘病的影响最大, 浓度越高, 哮喘病发病率越高。
结论各污染物对哮喘病发生发展的时空影响具体表现为O₃对疾病发生的滞后性以及SO₂、NO₂和CO浓度分布与疾病患者分布的相关性。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the impact of typical air pollutants on the development and change of asthma in patients in Jinan, and to provide scientific basis for the research on respiratory diseases and air pollution control.
Methods The space-time effect of pollutants on the occurrence of asthma was investigated on the basis of statistics by relying on an ARCGIS operating platform.
Results The incidence of asthma in summer was higher than that in winter, and it was easier to onset during the turn of seasons. The concentration of O₃ was consistent with the development of asthma, and in a hysteretic nature. The impact of SO₂, NO₂ and CO on asthma was the greatest; the higher the concentration of these pollutants, the higher the incidence of asthma.
Conclusions The space-time effect of pollutants on the development of asthma showed that the reaction to O₃was delayed and the concentration of SO₂, NO₂and CO was correlated with the distribution of asthma in patients.

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