高铁客运站候车环境卫生调查

黎有田; 贺晓铭; 蒋林

doi:10.13421/j.cnki.hjwsxzz.2015.01.005

高铁客运站候车环境卫生调查

Investigation on Environmental Health in Waiting Hall of High-speed Railway Station

摘要

摘要:
目的掌握和评估客运专线大型客站候车环境卫生控制现状, 为建立高铁车站候车环境卫生规范及加强高铁车站候车环境卫生管理工作提供依据。
方法选择京沪高铁南京南站作为监测对象, 于2013年春运和暑运期间对车站候车空间热环境、空气品质与物理因素进行现场测试, 并对监测数据进行统计学分析。
结果高铁客运站候车空间噪声以及夏季相对湿度、冬季照度超标率分别为50%、30%和33%, 其余监测指标均达标; 总挥发性有机物、甲醛、细菌总数、一氧化碳、负离子夏季均高于冬季, 可吸入颗粒冬季高于夏季, 夏季与冬季空气品质比较上述指标差异有显著统计学意义(P < 0.01)。
结论南京南站候车大厅环境质量状况总体良好, 但需加强降噪、夏季通风除湿以及冬季照明措施。

Abstract:
Objectives To assess the sanitary situation in waiting hall of high-speed railway station, and provide basis for establishing an environmental health standard and strengthening the hygienic management for the waiting hall of high-speed railway station.
Methods The waiting hall of Nanjing south railway station for Beijing-Shanghai high-speed trains was selected as an object for surveillance. Thermal environment, air quality and physical factors were monitored in peak period of transportation during spring festival and summer vacation in 2013.The data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0.
Results Noise, relative humidity in summer and illumination in winter were 50%, 30% and 33% exceeding the national standard limits, respectively. Other monitoring data were compliance with national standards. TVOC, HCHO, bacteria counts, CO and anions were higher in summer than in winter, PM₁₀ was higher in winter than in summer(P < 0.01).
Conclusions The sanitary situation in the waiting hall of Nanjing south railway station was well generally. It is necessary to strengthen the measures on noise reduction, ventilation and dehumidification in summer and improving lighting system in winter.

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